Onye na-abụ abụ Arthur (Art) Garfunkel mụrụ na November 5, 1941 na Forest Hills, New York nye Rose na Jack Garfunkel. N'ịchọpụta mmasị nwa ya nwoke nwere maka egwu, Jack, onye na-ere ahịa njem, zụtara Garfunkel ihe ndekọ teepu.
Ọbụna mgbe ọ dị nanị afọ anọ, Garfunkel ji ihe ndekọ teepu nọrọ ọtụtụ awa; M bụrụ abụ, gee ntị ma gbanwee olu m, wee dekọọ ọzọ. O mere ka m banye n'egwú. Ịbụ abụ, na karịsịa ohere ịdekọ ya, bụ nnọọ ihe magburu onwe ya,” ka ọ na-echeta.
N'ụlọ akwụkwọ Elementary Forest Hills, a ma ama Art Garfunkel na-eto eto maka ịbụ abụ na paseeji efu na ime egwuregwu. Na klaasị 6 ọ so na egwuregwu ụlọ akwụkwọ "Alice na Wonderland" ya na nwa klas ya bụ́ Paul Simon.
Simon maara Garfunkel dị ka onye na-agụ egwú nke ụmụ agbọghọ gbara ya gburugburu. Ha bi n'etiti ibe ha na Queens, ma ọ bụ mgbe Simon nụrụ Garfunkel na-abụ abụ ka akara aka ha jikọtara. N'oge na-adịghị anya, duo ahụ malitere ịbụ abụ na ihe ngosi nkà ụlọ akwụkwọ ma na-eme nkà ha kwa abalị na okpuru ulo.
N'ime afọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ndị mmeri Grammy Award n'ọdịnihu mere dị ka Tom Landis na Jerry Graf, na-atụ egwu na ezigbo aha ha na-ada ụda nke Juu na ọ ga-egbochi ha ịga nke ọma.
Ha rụrụ abụ mbụ Simon wee chịkọta ego ha iji mee ndekọ ndekọ ọkachamara mbụ ha. Egwu nke nwanne ha Everly nwere mmetụta Hey Schoolgirl ghọrọ obere ihe egwu, na 1957 ọ nwetara nkwekọrịta ndekọ na Big Records.
Ha ghọrọ ndị ọbịa ugboro ugboro na Brill Building, na-enye ọrụ ha dị ka ndị na-eme ngosi ngosi nye ndị na-ede abụ. Otu egwu egwu ha mere ka ha pụta ìhè na Dick Clark's American Bandstand, na-aga n'ihu ozugbo Jerry Lee Lewis gasịrị.
Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ọrụ egwu ha kwụsịrị wee malite ichegbu onwe ha na ha erutela ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu ha na 16 afọ.
Simon na Garfunkel
Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị kwụsịrị, Simon na Garfunkel kpebiri ịga ụzọ ha dị iche iche wee gaa mahadum. Garfunkel nọgidere na obere obodo ya wee gaa Mahadum Columbia, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme wee sonye n'òtù ụmụnna.
O mechakwara nweta akara ugo mmụta masters na mgbakọ na mwepụ. N'ịga n'ihu n'ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ ya n'oge ọrụ ya, Garfunkel akwụsịghị ịbụ abụ mgbe ọ nọ na kọleji, na-ahapụ ọtụtụ egwu solo n'okpuru aha Artie Garr.
Ọzọkwa, talent na mmasị yiri Paul Simon na Art Garfunkel ọnụ. N'afọ 1962, Tom na Jerry bụbu ndị jikọtara ọnụ dị ka duo ọhụrụ na-adabere na ndị mmadụ. Ha anaghịzi echegbu onwe ha maka ịbụ ndị a ghọtahiere wee malite iji ezigbo aha ha, Simon & Garfunkel.
Na njedebe nke 1964, ha wepụtara album studio Wednesday Morning, 3 AM Site na echiche azụmahịa, ọ dịghị ihe mere Simon gara England, duo kpebiri ịga ụzọ ha dị iche iche ọkachamara.
Onye na-emepụta ihe bụ Tom Wilson megharịrị egwu "The Sounds of Silence" na album a wee wepụta ya. Ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị, ọ ruru nọmba 1 na chaatị Billboard. Simon laghachiri na Queens, ebe duo jikọtara ọnụ wee kpebie ịdekọ ma mee ọbụna egwu ọzọ ọnụ.
Simon & Garfunkel weputara ọba egwu ọzọ, na nke ọzọ, na ihe ndị ọzọ, n'otu n'otu, na ndekọ ọ bụla na-ewere egwu na egwu ha na ọkwa ọzọ.
Ọganihu dị egwu na nke azụmahịa mere wee mụbaa na mwepụta nke ọ bụla: Sounds of Silence (1966), Parsley, Sage, Rosemary na Thyme (1966) na Bookends (1968). Mgbe ha na-arụ ọrụ na Bookends, onye nduzi Mike Nichols gwara ha ka ha tinye egwu na egwu egwu na fim The Graduate (1967).
Dị ka akụkụ nke isiokwu nkewapụ na ndakọrịta ihe nkiri mbụ ahụ, duo ahụ kwadoro aha ha. Abụ ha Mrs. Robinson ghọrọ ihe ọkụkụ No. 1, pụtara na ma The Graduate soundtrack na Bookends album.
Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, Nichols duziri Catch-22 ma nye Garfunkel ọrụ ahụ. Nke a na-egbu oge mmepụta nke album ha na-esote wee malite "ịgha mkpụrụ" maka nkwụsị ha mechara. Ha abụọ na-aga n'ụzọ ọhụrụ okike.
N'afọ 1970, ha wepụtara album ha na-aga nke ọma, Bridge Over Troubled Water, nke e dekọrọ site na iji usoro ihe nkiri ọhụrụ na nke arụrụ n'ụlọ yana ị nweta mmetụta sitere na ụdị egwu dị iche iche.
Ndekọ ahụ ghọrọ nnukwu azụmaahịa azụmahịa wee merie Grammy Awards isii, gụnyere Album of the Year, Song of the Year na Record of the Year maka egwu ndu.
Nke a bụ album studio ikpeazụ ha. Ha bu ụzọ mee atụmatụ ịlọghachite ọnụ mgbe ezumike gasịrị, ma mgbe ha kewasịrị nwa oge, ịga n'ihu n'ichepụta ihe ha iche iche yiri ka ọ bara uru karị. Simon & Garfunkel adịkwaghị.
Afọ abụọ ka ha kewapụrụ, a tọhapụrụ Simon na Garfunkel's Best Hits wee nọrọ na chaatị US maka izu 131.
Ọrụ solo: Ihe niile m maara, naanị m nwere anya maka gị & ndị ọzọ
Paul Simon na Art Garfunkel kewapụrụ na 1970, mana ha nọgidere na-ejikọta onwe ha na ọkachamara.
Na-alaghachikwute ndị enyi na ndị na-emekọ ihe mgbe niile, ha jikọtara ọtụtụ oge na ọrụ ha naanị ịchọpụta na ha enweghị ike ịrụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, na-abụghị ọrụ obere oge.
N'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ, Garfunkel ji obi ụtọ cheta oge ha nọkọrọ: “M ga-enwe obi ụtọ mgbe nile ikwu ntakịrị ihe n'aha duo. Obi dị m ụtọ ịbụ abụ ndị a magburu onwe ha. Ugbu a, a na-abụ abụ Paul Simon n'ụlọ ụka na ụlọ akwụkwọ dịka akụkụ nke usoro ọmụmụ..."
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, o tinyere onwe ya kpam kpam n'ọrụ naanị ya. Ndekọ mbụ ya, Angel Clare (1973), gosipụtara hit "Ihe niile m maara", nke Jimmy Webb dere wee mepụta nke Simon & Garfunkel's Roy Haley. (Egwu ahụ chọtara ndụ ọhụrụ na 2005 mgbe etinyere ya na Five For Fighting on the Chicken Little soundtrack.)
Ndekọ ya na-esote, Breakway (1975), nyere ya ihe egwu ọzọ, mkpuchi nke kpochapụwo naanị m nwere anya maka gị. Album ahụ gosipụtara ndị ọbịa dịka David Crosby, Graham Nash na Stephen Bishop, yana egwu Simon na Garfunkel ọhụrụ mbụ n'ime afọ ise, My Little Town, nke pụtakwara na album solo Simon Still Crazy After All these Years.
Na album ya na-esote, Watermark (1977), Garfunkel lekwasịrị anya na mmekorita ya na otu onye na-ede abụ. Jimmy Webb dere egwu niile na otu ewepu: mkpuchi nke Sam Cooke hit What A Wonderful World rụrụ nke Garfunkel, Simon na James Taylor rụrụ, nke ruru na nọmba 17 na eserese ahụ.
Onye na-agụ egwú jiri egwu Bright Eye nweta ihe ọzọ hit si Watermark, nke ghọrọ ihe mwute na isiokwu mara mma maka mmegharị ihe nkiri Richard Adams' Watership Down.
Ndekọ ya Scissors Cut (1981) bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma mana ọdịda azụmahịa. Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, Simon na Garfunkel na-egwuri egwu ọnụ na Central Park, na-agbaji ihe ndekọ niile dị adị, na-adọta ndị na-ege ntị 500 puku mmadụ.
Ha wee gaa njem nlegharị anya ụwa wee wepụta ọba abụọ na HBO pụrụ iche maka ihe ngosi Central Park ha. Ma njikọkọ ahụ adịteghị aka. Ha kwụsịrị atụmatụ iwepụta ihe ọhụrụ ọnụ, Simon chekwaara abụ ndị ahụ maka ọba egwu nke ya.
N'ịlaghachi n'ọrụ solo ya ọzọ, Garfunkel malitere site n'ịkwalite ime ihe. Ọ pụtalarị n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ya na onye isi Mike Nichols, gụnyere Carnal Knowledge (1971), ọ pụtakwara na usoro TV, gụnyere ihe omume Laverne na Shirley. Na 1998, ọ pụtara na ihe nkiri telivishọn ụmụaka Arthur Dị ka Singing Moose.
Garfunkel gara n'ihu na-eme ihe na ogbo wee dekọọ ihe ọhụrụ. Na 1990, ọ gwara nde mmadụ 1,4 okwu na arịrịọ nke Ngalaba Steeti US na nnọkọ nkwalite ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Sofia, Bulgaria.
N'otu afọ ahụ, a kpọbakwara Simon na Garfunkel n'ime Ụlọ Nzukọ Rock and Roll of Fame. Afọ atọ ka e mesịrị, ọ wepụtara album Up 'Til Now, nke gụnyere duet ya na James Taylor, Crying in the Rain, yana egwu ngosi "Brooklyn Bridge" na "Ndị ikom abụọ na-ehi ụra" site na ihe nkiri a kụrụ akụ A Ha Own League. .
N'October, ya na Simon mere ihe ngosi 21 rere ere na Paramount Theatre na New York. Na 1997, o dekọtara ọba egwu ụmụaka sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nwa ya nwoke James, nke gụnyere abụ sitere n'aka Cat Stevens, Marvin Gaye na John Lennon-Paul McCartney.
N'afọ 1998, o jiri album ya mere onye ọ bụla chọrọ ka a hụ mpụta mpụta egwu ya.
N'afọ 2003, ya na Simon weghaara ọkwa ahụ ọzọ, na-enweta ihe nrite Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award ma na-eme ụda nke Silence na-ebi na ikuku.
Ha gagharịrị ọzọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, na 2005, ha rụrụ Bridge over Troubled Water, On the Way Home, na Oriakụ. Robinson na ihe nkiri uru maka Hurricane Katrina ihe metụtara na Ogige Madison Square.
Kwa afọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọgba aghara maka ya. Mgbe niile na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ịhazi njem nleta, ma na 2010 ọ malitere inwe nsogbu na ụda olu ya, bụ nke bịara mara ọha na eze. Ihe egwu echefuru echefu nke ya na Simon bụ na New Orleans Jazz na Ememme Heritage. Ọ na-esiri m ike ịbụ abụ ọ bụla.
O nwere paresis ụdọ olu wee malite ịla n'etiti etiti ya. O were ya ihe dị ka afọ anọ iji gbakee. Ọ gwara Rolling Stone akụkọ ya na 2014 na ọ laghachiri 96% mana ọ ka chọrọ oge iji nweta ahụike.
Na 2016, Simon na Garfunkel's song "America" ji (site na ikike ha) Bernie Sanders na mkpọsa ya na-enweghị nke ọma iji nweta nhọpụta Democratic maka onye isi ala. "Enwere m mmasị na Bernie," Garfunkel gwara New York Times. Ọgụ ya na-amasị m. ugwu ya na àgwà ya masịrị m. egwu a masịrị m!".
Ọ na-agbasi ike
Taa, Art Garfunkel na-aga n'ihu na-edekọ ma na-arụ ọrụ solo, yana ijikọ ya na ndị nka ama ama dịka James Taylor na Bruce Springsteen. Onye na-agụ egwú na-aga n'ihu na-apụta na fim.
N'afọ ndị 1980, otu n'ime ihe omume ntụrụndụ ya bụ njem dị anya; o jiri ụkwụ gafee Japan na Amerịka. N'oge njem ya, ọ malitere ide abụ ma bipụta Still Water na 1989.
Na 2017, ọ gbakwunyere ọrụ ọzọ ebipụtara ya na akụkọ ndụ ya, Gịnị bụ All Ma Ìhè: Ihe ndetu sitere na Nwoke Subterranean, ngwakọta eccentric nke uri, ndepụta ndepụta, njem na ntụgharị uche na nwunye ya.
Garfunkel gara n'ihu na-anụ ọkụ n'obi ya maka ịga njem dị anya ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ. Ugbu a, ebe ọ gaferela n’ọtụtụ ebe n’ụwa, ọ ka na-ekweta na ahụmahụ ya ná ndụ abụghị nanị ihe ọ rụzuru, kama ọ bụ ihe e ji gọzie ya.
Ndụ onwe nke Art Garfunkel
Ọ bụ ezie na 1970s gosipụtara ihe ịga nke ọma, 1980s bụ ihe ịma aka maka Garfunkel ma ọkachamara na nkeonwe. Mgbe ya na Linda Grossman lụchara obere oge na mmalite 1970s, Garfunkel nwere onye na-eme ihe nkiri Laurie Bird ruo afọ ise.
O gburu onwe ya na 1979, na-ahapụ Garfunkel obi mgbawa. Ọ na-ekwupụta mmekọrịta dị nkenke mana obi ụtọ ya na Penny Marshall maka inyere ya aka ịgbake na ọnwụ ya, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ debanyere ịda mbà n'obi ya na album 1981 Scissors Cut, ụtụ nye Byrde.
Na 1985, ọ zutere ihe nlereanya Kim Cermak na set nke ihe nkiri Good To Go. Di na nwunye ahụ lụrụ mgbe afọ atọ gachara ma mụta ụmụ nwoke abụọ.
