Igor Stravinsky bụ onye na-agụ egwú na onye nduzi a ma ama. E tinyere ya na ndepụta ndị dị ịrịba ama na nkà ụwa. Tụkwasị na nke a, nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchianya nke modernism.
Modernism bụ ihe omume omenala nke nwere ike iji mara site na mmalite nke usoro ọhụrụ. Echiche nke modernism bụ mbibi nke echiche guzosie ike yana echiche ọdịnala.
Ụmụaka na nwata
A mụrụ onye na-ede egwú a ma ama na 1882 na nso St. Petersburg. E jikọtara nne na nna Igor na imepụta ihe. Nne Stravinsky rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye pianist - nwanyị ahụ so di ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agụ egwú nke Mariinsky Theatre.
Igor nọrọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata na ezinụlọ omenala na ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi. O nwere ohere dị ukwuu ịga leta ụlọ ihe nkiri wee hụ ka ndị mụrụ ya na-eme ọmarịcha ihe. Ndị ọbịa nọ n'ụlọ Stravinsky bụ ndị egwu a ma ama, ndị na-ede egwú, ndị edemede na ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma.
Site na nwata, Igor malitere inwe mmasị na egwu. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 9, ọ nọdụrụ ala na piano maka oge mbụ. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na sekọndrị, nne na nna ya siri ọnwụ na nwa ha nwoke ga-enweta ọzụzụ iwu. Stravinsky kwagara ibi n'isi obodo omenala Russia - St. Petersburg. Ọ nọgidere na-amụ egwú. Ke adianade do, o nwetara onwe music nkuzi si Rimsky-Korsakov.
Rimsky-Korsakov ghọtara ozugbo na n'ihu ya bụ ezigbo nugget. Onye na-ede egwú dụrụ nwa okorobịa ahụ ọdụ ka ọ ghara ịbanye n'ụlọ nchekwa ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na ihe ọmụma nke onye na-egwu egwú nwere zuru ezu iji kwupụta onwe ya n'olu dara ụda.
Korsakov kụziiri ngalaba ya ihe ọmụma bụ isi nke orchestration. O nyekwaara onye na-agụ egwú aka imeziwanye ihe odide ya.
Ụzọ okike nke maestro Igor Stravinsky
N'afọ 1908, ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị Igor mere site n'aka ndị egwú ụlọikpe. Anyị na-ekwu maka ọrụ "The Faun and the Shepherdess" na "Symphony in E-flat Major". N'oge na-adịghị, Sergei Diaghilev nwetara scherzo nke maestro's orchestral.
Mgbe ọ nụrụ egwu magburu onwe ya nke onye na-ede egwú Russia nwere nkà, ọ chọrọ izute ya n'onwe ya. Mgbe e mesịrị, o nyere ọtụtụ ndokwa maka ịgba egwú Russia n'isi obodo France. Nzọụkwụ a mere ka ọha na eze mara na a ghọtara nkà Stravinsky n'ụwa nile.
N'oge na-adịghị premiere nke Stravinsky ọhụrụ dere, mgbe nke a na-akpọ ya a ma ama nnọchiteanya nke modernism. N'ime ihe ndị e kere eke bụ ihe egwu egwu maka ballet "The Firebird".
N'elu ebili mmiri nke ewu ewu, maestro chere echiche banyere ịmepụta ememe symphonic, nke kpatara ọtụtụ mmetụta dị mma na ụlọ ihe nkiri Paris. Akpọrọ ihe okike ọhụrụ nke onye dere “The Rite of Spring.” E kewara ọha mmadụ ụzọ abụọ. Ụfọdụ nwere mmasị n'echiche obi ike Igor. Ndị ọzọ, n'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, nụrụ ndetu okwu rụrụ arụ n'ime egwu egwu nke gafere ihe e nyere ikike.
Ọ bụ site n'oge a ka a malitere ịkpọ Igor onye edemede nke "Rite of Spring", yana onye ọgbara ọhụrụ na-emebi emebi. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ hapụrụ Russia sara mbara. Ya na ezinụlọ ya wee gaa n'ókèala France.
Agha na egwu
Mgbawa nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ mere ka a kwụsị oge a na-akpọ "Oge Russia" na isi obodo France. A hapụrụ Stravinsky n'enweghị uru na ụzọ e si ebi ndụ. Otu ezinụlọ buru ibu gara Switzerland. Mgbe ahụ Igor enweghị ego. N'ime oge a, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na akụkọ ifo Russia.
N'oge a, Igor dere ihe bara uru na egwu egwu, isi uru nke ya bụ ụda. Na 1914, Maestro malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ballet "Le Noces". Naanị afọ 9 ka e mesịrị Stravinsky nwere ike igosi ọrụ ahụ. Ihe egwu egwu maka ballet dabeere na ihe ndị Russia mere n'ime ime obodo, bụ ndị a na-eme na agbamakwụkwọ na agbamakwụkwọ.
Mgbe e gosipụtara ballet ahụ, o kpebiri iwepụ ịhụ mba n'anya na ihe odide ya. O dekọtara ihe ndị sochirinụ n'ụdị neoclassicism. Maestro "na-ege ntị" egwu oge ochie nke Europe n'ụzọ nke ya. Kemgbe 1924 ọ kwụsịrị ide egwu. Igor malitere ime ihe. Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ biri, ihe ndị o dere nwetara nnukwu ewu ewu n'ala nna ya.
N'otu oge ahụ, ihe a na-akpọ "Oge Ndị Russia" maliteghachiri na France. Ha anọkwaghị n'ọkwa ahụ. Na 1928, Diaghilev na Stravinsky wepụtara ballet Apollo Musagete. Otu afọ mgbe e mesịrị, Diaghilev nwụrụ. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, ndị otu ahụ gbasasịrị.
1926 bụ afọ dị ịrịba ama maka onye na-ede egwú. O nwetara mgbanwe ime mmụọ. Ihe omume a metụtara ọrụ maestro. A na-anụkarị ụkpụrụ okpukpe n'ihe ndị o dere. Ihe odide “Oedipus the King” na cantata “Symphony of Psalms” gosipụtara mmepe ime mmụọ nke maestro. Emepụtara Librettoes na Latin maka ọrụ ndị a gosipụtara.
Creative nsogbu nke dere Igor Stravinsky
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, avant-garde na-ewu ewu na mba Europe. Ma ọ bụrụ na ụfọdụ ndị na-ede egwú ihe omume a na-enye ọṅụ. Maka Stravinsky, dị ka onye nnọchianya nke neoclassicism, nke a bụ nsogbu okike.
Ọnọdụ mmetụta uche ya nọ na nsọtụ. Maestro ahụ pụrụ. Akara oge nke oge a site na ntọhapụ nke ọtụtụ edemede: "Cantata", "Na ebe nchekwa nke Dylan Thomas".
N'oge na-adịghị anya, onye na-ede egwú nwere ọrịa strok. N'agbanyeghị ahụ ike ya na-akawanye njọ, Igor enweghị ebumnuche ịhapụ ogbo ahụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ma dee ọrụ ọhụrụ. Ngwa ikpeazụ nke maestro mere bụ "Requiem". N'oge a na-ede ihe mejupụtara, Stravinsky dị afọ 84. Ihe mejupụtara ahụ gosipụtara ike dị egwu na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi nke onye okike.
Nkọwa nke ndụ onwe onye
Onye na-ede egwú nwere chi ọma ịhụ ịhụnanya ya na 1906. Onye isi nwunye nke maestro bụ Ekaterina Nosenko. Nwunye ya mụrụ ụmụ anọ maka Igor. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụmụ Stravinsky niile gbasoro nzọụkwụ nna ha a ma ama. Ha jikọtara ndụ ha na imepụta ihe.
Nosenko tara ahụhụ site na oriri. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị na St. Petersburg adịghị mma maka nwanyị ahụ, ọnọdụ ya kara njọ. Site n'oge ruo n'oge, ya na ezinụlọ ya na-ebi na Switzerland.
Na 1914, ezinụlọ Stravinsky enweghị ike ịhapụ Switzerland ma laghachi n'ala nna ha. Agha Ụwa Mbụ bịara. Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, e nwere mgbanwe n’ụwa. A na-anụ okwu mkpasu iwe n'ebe niile. Ndị Stravinsky ka nwere nnukwu ego na ihe onwunwe na St. Petersburg. Enapụrụ ha akụ̀ ha niile. Ndị Stravinsky enweghị ihe e ji ebi ndụ na ụlọ n'elu isi ha.
Maka maestro nke a bụ ọdachi, ebe ọ na-akwado ọ bụghị naanị nwunye ya na ụmụ ya. Ma nne nke ya, yana ụmụ nwanne ya. E nwere “mmebi iwu” n’ókèala obodo anyị. Ha kwụsịrị ịkwụ ụgwọ Igor ego maka ịme ihe mbụ ya n'ihi na ọ kwagara. O nweghị ihe ọzọ ọ ga-eme ma ọ bụghị iwepụta mbipụta ọhụrụ nke ọrụ ya.
Ozugbo onye na-ede egwú na-akwado ihe omume ya na Coco Chanel, bụ onye nyeere ya aka n'ụzọ ego mgbe ọ na-enwe nsogbu ego. Ruo ọtụtụ afọ n'usoro, Stravinsky na nwunye ya bi na Villa Coco. Nwanyị ahụ kwadoro ọ bụghị naanị ya, kamakwa nnukwu ezinụlọ. Ya mere, ọ chọrọ ịkwanyere onye na-ede egwú a ma ama ùgwù.
Mgbe Igor mere ka ọnọdụ ego ya dịkwuo mma, Coco zigara ya ego maka ihe karịrị afọ 10. Nke a ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka echiche ahụ na e nwere ihe karịrị nanị mmekọrịta enyi n'etiti onye na-ede egwú na onye mmepụta ihe.
Na 1939, nwunye Stravinsky nwụrụ. Onye na-ede egwú ahụ erughị uju ruo ogologo oge. Mgbe ọ kwagara United States of America, ọ masịrị Vera Studeikina. Ọ ghọrọ nwunye ya nke abụọ. Ha birikọ ọnụ ruo afọ iri ise. E kwuru ha dị ka ezigbo di na nwunye. Ezinụlọ ahụ pụtara ọnụ ebe niile. Mgbe Igor hụrụ Vera, ọ na-ama ifuru.
Eziokwu na-akpali mmasị banyere onye na-ede egwú Igor Stravinsky
- Ọ sere nke ọma ma bụrụkwa onye maara ihe osise. O nwere ọ́bá akwụkwọ bara ọgaranya, bụ́ nke a raara nye maka nkà nkà.
- Igor tụrụ ụjọ na ọ ga-ebute oyi. Ọ na-eji ejiji nke ọma, na-eyikwa uwe na-ekpo ọkụ mgbe nile. Stravinsky na-enyocha ahụ́ ike ya, sitekwa n'oge ruo n'oge, ya na ndị dọkịta na-enyocha ihe mgbochi.
- Stravinsky nwere mmasị na mmanya na-egbu egbu. Ọ kwara ọchị na ya kwesịrị iwere pseudonym "Stravisky." Mmanya na-aba n'anya na ndụ maestro dị oke oke.
- Ọ naghị amasị ndị na-ekwu okwu n'olu dara ụda. Ha tụrụ egwu ma tụọ maestro ahụ ụjọ.
- Stravinsky enweghị mmasị na nkatọ, ma ọ nwere ike na-egosipụtakarị echiche ọjọọ banyere ndị ọrụ ibe ya.
Igor Stravinsky: Afọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya
Ọ nwụrụ na Eprel 6, 1971. Ihe kpatara ọnwụ bụ nkụda mmụọ obi. Nwunye nke abụọ liri Stravinsky na Venice, na mpaghara Russia nke ebe a na-eli ozu San Michele. Nwunye ya lanarịrị Igor ihe karịrị afọ 10. Mgbe Vera nwụsịrị, e liri ya n'ebe dị anya n'ebe di ya nọ.
