Leonard Cohen bụ otu n'ime ndị na-agụ egwú na-agụ egwú na njedebe (ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ihe ịga nke ọma) na njedebe afọ 1960, ma nwee ike ịnọgide na-ege ntị ihe karịrị afọ iri isii nke okike egwu.
Onye na-agụ egwú dọtara uche nke ndị nkatọ na ndị na-eto eto na-egwu egwu nke ọma karịa ihe egwu egwu ọ bụla nke 1960 bụ ndị nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ na narị afọ nke XNUMXst.
Onye ode akwụkwọ nwere nkà na onye egwu Leonard Cohen
A mụrụ Cohen na Septemba 21, 1934 na ezinụlọ ndị Juu etiti na Westmount, nke dị na Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Nna ya bụ onye na-azụ ahịa uwe (onye nwekwara akara ugo mmụta injinia), onye nwụrụ na 1943 mgbe Cohen dị afọ itoolu.
Ọ bụ nne ya gbara Cohen ume dị ka onye edemede. Àgwà ya n'ebe egwú dị njọ karị.
Ọ nwere mmasị na guitar mgbe ọ dị afọ 13 iji mee ka nwa agbọghọ mara mma. Otú ọ dị, Leonard dị mma nke ukwuu igwu egwu obodo na ọdịda anyanwụ na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ mpaghara, ọ gara n'ihu na-emepụta Buckskin Boys.
Na 17, ọ banyere McGill University. Ka ọ na-erule oge a ọ na-ede uri nke ọma wee bụrụ akụkụ nke obere obodo n'okpuru ala na mahadum nke bohemian.
Cohen gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma, mana o dere nke ọma, nke ọ nwetara Nrite McNorton.
Otu afọ mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Leonard bipụtara akwụkwọ uri mbụ ya. Ọ nwetara nlebanya dị mma mana ereghị ya nke ọma. Na 1961, Cohen bipụtara akwụkwọ uri nke abụọ ya, nke ghọrọ ihe ịga nke ọma azụmahịa mba ụwa.
Ọ gara n'ihu na-ebipụta ọrụ ya, gụnyere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, The Favorite Game (1963) na The Beautiful Losers (1966), na nchịkọta uri Flowers for Hitler (1964) na Parasites of Heaven (1966). ).
Laghachi na egwu Leonard Cohen
Ọ bụ n'oge a ka Leonard malitekwara ide egwu ọzọ. Judy Collins gbakwunyere egwu Suzanne na egwu Cohen na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya wee tinye ya na ọba m N'ime ndụ m.
A na-agbasa ndekọ Suzanne mgbe niile na redio. Cohen mechara pụta dị ka onye na-ede abụ na album Dress Rehearsal Rag.
Ọ bụ Collins mere ka Cohen kwenye ịlaghachi n'ịrụ ọrụ, nke ọ gbahapụrụ n'oge ụbọchị akwụkwọ ya. Ọ mere mpụta mbụ ya n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1967 na Newport Folk Festival, sochiri egwu egwu na-aga nke ọma na New York.
Otu n'ime ndị hụrụ Cohen ka ọ na-eme na Newport bụ John Hammond Sr., onye na-emepụta akụkọ ama ama nke ọrụ ya malitere na 1930s. Ya na Billie Holiday, Benny Goodman na Bob Dylan rụkọrọ ọrụ.
Hammond bịanyere aka na Cohen na Columbia Records wee nyere ya aka ịdekọ Abụ nke Leonard Cohen, ewepụtara obere oge tupu ekeresimesi 1967.
N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na album na-echechaghị nke ọma music na kama melancholy, ọrụ ghọrọ ozugbo hit na okirikiri nke na-achọsi ike na-agụ egwú na song dere.
N'ime oge mgbe ọtụtụ nde ndị hụrụ egwu na-ege ntị n'oghere na albums nke Bob Dylan na Simon & Garfunkel, Cohen chọtara obere okirikiri ndị na-akwado ya ngwa ngwa. Ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji zụtara ihe ndekọ ya site na puku kwuru puku; afọ abụọ mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, a na-ere ihe ndekọ ahụ na mgbasa ozi karịa 100 puku.
Egwu Leonard Cohen dị nso na ndị na-ege ntị nke na Cohen bịara mara nke ọma ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ozugbo.
N'ihe banyere ndabere nke ọrụ egwu ya, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ileghara ọrụ ya ọzọ anya - na 1968, o bipụtara mpịakọta ọhụrụ, Poems Selected: 1956-1968, nke gụnyere ma ochie na ọrụ ndị e bipụtara na nso nso a. Maka nchịkọta a, ọ natara onyinye n'aka Gọvanọ General nke Canada.
Ka ọ na-erule n'oge ahụ, ọ ghọwo n'ezie akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọnọdụ nkume ahụ. Ruo oge ụfọdụ, Cohen bi na New York Chelsea Hotel, bụ ebe ndị agbata obi ya bụ Janis Joplin na ndị ọzọ na-egbuke egbuke, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere mmetụta kpọmkwem na abụ ya.
Melancholy dị ka isi isiokwu nke creativity
Ndekọ egwu egwu ya sitere na ime ụlọ (1969) ka e ji mmụọ mmụọ na-adịghị mma karịa - ọbụlagodi otu A Bunch of Lonesome Heroes siri ike banye n'ime mmetụta na-akụda mmụọ, Cohen edeghịkwa otu egwu ma ọlị.
Partisan single bụ akụkọ gbara ọchịchịrị nke ihe kpatara na nsonaazụ nke iguzogide ọchịchị aka ike, na-egosipụta ahịrị ndị dị ka Ọ nwụrụ n'ekwughị okwu ("Ọ nwụrụ na nzuzo"), na-egosipụtakwa onyonyo nke ifufe na-efe ili gara aga.
Joan Baez mechara dekọọ abụ ahụ ọzọ, na n'ọrụ ya ọ na-akawanye mma ma na-akpali ndị na-ege ntị.
N'ozuzu, album ahụ adịchaghị nke ọma n'ịzụ ahịa na nke siri ike karịa ọrụ gara aga. Ọrụ Bob Johnston akọwachaghị (ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ minimalist) mere ka ọba ahụ ghara ịmasị mma. Ọ bụ ezie na album ahụ nwere ọtụtụ egwu Birdon the Wire na Akụkọ nke Isaac, nke ghọrọ ndị asọmpi maka album izizi Suzanne.
Akụkọ banyere Aịzik, ilu egwu na-atụgharị na onyonyo Akwụkwọ Nsọ gbasara Vietnam, bụ otu n'ime egwu kacha na-egbukepụ egbukepụ na nke kacha emetụ n'ahụ nke ngagharị iwe agha. N'ime ọrụ a, Cohen gosipụtara ọkwa nke nkà egwu ya na ide ihe, dị ka o kwere mee.
Ihe ịga nke ọma
Cohen nwere ike ọ gaghị abụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri a ma ama, ma olu ya pụrụ iche, yana ike nke nkà ederede ya, nyeere ya aka ịnweta niche nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri rock kacha mma.
Ọ pụtara na 1970 Isle of Wight Festival na England, ebe kpakpando nkume gụnyere akụkọ ifo dị ka Jimi Hendrix gbakọtara. N'ịbụ onye na-ele anya na ọ na-adịghị mma n'ihu ndị dike dị otú ahụ, Cohen na-akpọ ụbọ akwara n'ihu ndị na-ege ntị 600.
N'otu ụzọ, Cohen megharịrị ihe dị ka nke Bob Dylan nwere tupu njem ya na mmalite 1970s. Mgbe ahụ ndị mmadụ zụtara ya albums site iri iri, na mgbe ụfọdụ ọtụtụ narị puku.
Ndị Fans ahụ yiri ka ha na-ahụ ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe dị ọhụrụ na nke pụrụ iche. Banyere ndị nka abụọ a mụtara site n'ọnụ karịa na redio ma ọ bụ telivishọn.
Njikọ na sinima
Album nke atọ Cohen Songs of Love and Hate (1971) bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ya siri ike, juputara na egwu na egwu na-emetụ n'ahụ bụ nke na-ekpo ọkụ na nke pere mpe.
E nwetara nguzozi n'ihi ụda olu Cohen. Ruo ugbu a, egwu ndị a ma ama bụ: Joan of Arc, Dress Rehearsal Rag (nke Judy Collins dekọrọ) na Blue Raincoat ama ama.
Album Songs of Love and Hate, jikọtara ya na mbụ kụrụ Suzanne, wetara Cohen nnukwu ndị na-akwado ya gburugburu ụwa.
Cohen chọtara onwe ya na-achọsi ike n'ụwa nke ime ihe nkiri azụmahịa, dịka onye nduzi Robert Altman ji egwu ya mee ihe na ihe nkiri ya McCabe na Mrs. Miller (1971), bụ nke gbara Warren Beatty na Julie Christie.
N'afọ sochirinụ, Leonard Cohen bipụtakwara nchịkọta uri ọhụrụ, Slave Energy. Na 1973 o wepụtara album Leonard Cohen: Live Songs.
Na 1973, egwu ya ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka mmepụta ihe nkiri Sisters of Mercy, nke Gene Lesser tụụrụ ime ma dabere na ndụ Cohen ma ọ bụ ụdị echiche efu nke ndụ ya.
Njikere na ọrụ ọhụrụ
Ihe dị ka afọ atọ agafeela n'etiti mwepụta nke Songs of Love and Hate na album Cohen na-esote. Ọtụtụ ndị Fans na ndị nkatọ chere na Live-album bụ isi n'ọrụ onye na-ese ihe.
Otú ọ dị, ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na United States na Europe na 1971 na 1972, na n'oge Yom Kippur War na 1973 ọ pụtara na Israel. Ọ bụ n'oge a ka ọ malitekwara ịrụ ọrụ na onye pianist na onye nhazi John Lissauer, onye ọ goro ka ọ mepụta album ya na-esote, New Skin for the Old Ceremony (1974).
Ndekọ a yiri ka ọ na-ebi ndụ kwekọrọ na atụmanya na okwukwe nke ndị Fans ya, na-ewebata Cohen n'ọtụtụ egwu egwu.
N'afọ sochirinụ, Columbia Records weputara The Best of Leonard Cohen, nke gụnyere iri na abuo n'ime egwu ya ama ama (hits) nke ndị egwu ndị ọzọ mere.
Ndekọ "ada".
N'afọ 1977, Cohen batara ọzọ n'ahịa egwu ya na Ọnwụ nke ụmụ nwanyị, album kacha arụ ụka nke ọrụ ya, nke Phil Spector wepụtara.
Ndekọ nke sitere na imikpu onye na-ege ntị nke ọma n'ụdị nkụda mmụọ nke Cohen, na-egosipụta oke ụda olu ya. Na nke mbụ n'ime ọrụ Cohen, egwu ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu oge a adịchaghị mma.
Enweghị afọ ojuju Cohen na album ahụ bụ nke amaara nke ọma n'etiti ndị na-akwado ya, bụ ndị na-ejikarị n'uche zụta ya, n'ihi ya, ọ kpataghị aha onye egwu ahụ.
Album Cohen na-esote egwu egwu na-adịbeghị anya (1979) nwere ihe ịga nke ọma karịa wee gosi abụ Leonard site na akụkụ kacha mma. Na-arụ ọrụ na onye mmepụta Henry Levy, album ahụ gosipụtara ụda olu Cohen ka ọ na-etinye aka ma na-egosipụta n'ụzọ dị jụụ.
Sabbatical na okpukpe Buddha
Mgbe ahapụchara ọba abụọ, ụbọchị izu ike ọzọ sochiri. Otú ọ dị, 1991 hụrụ ntọhapụ nke M bụ onye fan gị: Abụ ndị na-egosi REM, Pixies, Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds na John Cale, bụ onye kwadoro Cohen dị ka onye na-ede abụ.
Onye na-ese ihe na-eji ohere ahụ site n'ịhapụ album The Future, bụ nke na-ekwu maka ọtụtụ egwu egwu ụmụ mmadụ ga-eche ihu na afọ na iri afọ na-abịanụ.
N'etiti ọrụ a, Cohen banyere n'ọgbọ ọhụrụ na ndụ ya. Ọ dịghị mgbe ihe metụtara okpukpe dị nnọọ anya n'echiche na ọrụ ya.
Ọ nọrọ oge ụfọdụ n'ugwu na Baldy Zen Center (nlaghachi azụ Buddhist na California), wee bụrụ onye obibi na onye mọnk Buddha na njedebe 1990s.
Mmetụta na omenala
Afọ iri ise ka ọ ghọchara onye edemede ọha na onye na-eme ihe nkiri, Cohen nọgidere bụrụ otu n'ime ndị ama ama na egwu.
N'afọ 2010, e wepụtara ngwugwu vidiyo na ọdịyo ọnụ "Songs from the Road", bụ nke dekọrọ njem nlegharị ụwa 2008 ya (nke na-agba ọsọ ruo na njedebe nke 2010). Njem ahụ kpuchiri egwu egwu 84 wee ree ihe karịrị 700 tiketi n'ụwa niile.
Mgbe njem nlegharị anya ụwa ọzọ nke mere ka ọ nweta amara zuru ụwa ọnụ, Cohen, n'amaghị ama, laghachiri ngwa ngwa na studio na onye mmepụta (na onye na-ede akwụkwọ) Patrick Leonard, na-ewepụta egwu ọhụrụ itoolu, otu n'ime ha bụ Born in Chains.
E dere ya afọ iri anọ gara aga. Cohen gara n'ihu na-eme njem gburugburu ụwa na nnukwu ume na Disemba 40 ọ wepụtara ọba ndụ ya nke atọ, Live na Dublin.
Onye ọbụ abụ ahụ laghachiri n'ọrụ n'ịrụ ihe ọhụrụ, n'agbanyeghị na ahụ ike ya na-akawanye njọ. Na Septemba 21, 2016, egwu Ị Chọrọ Ọ gbara ọchịchịrị pụtara na ịntanetị. Ọrụ a bụ abụ ikpeazụ Leonard Cohen. Ọ nwụrụ n'ihe na-erughị izu atọ ka e mesịrị na Nọvemba 7, 2016.
