Onye na-ede egwú na onye nduzi na-egbuke egbuke bụ Antonio Salieri dere ihe karịrị 40 operas na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ịrịba ama nke ụda olu na ngwá ọrụ. O dere ihe egwu egwu n'asụsụ atọ.
Ezigbo ọbụbụ ọnụ maka maestro bụ ebubo na o tinyere aka na ogbugbu Mozart. O kwetaghị ikpe ọmụma ya ma kwenye na nke a abụghị ihe ọzọ ma ọ bụghị ihe e mepụtara nke ndị ya nwere anyaụfụ. Mgbe Antonio nọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ mgbaka, ọ kpọrọ onwe ya ogbu mmadụ. Ihe niile mere na delirium, ya mere ọtụtụ ndị na-ede akụkọ ndụ kwenyere na Salieri etinyeghị aka na igbu ọchụ.
Oge nwata na ntorobịa nke onye edemede Antonio Salieri
A mụrụ maestro na August 18, 1750 na ezinụlọ buru ibu nke onye ahịa bara ọgaranya. Mgbe ọ ka dị obere, o gosiri mmasị n'egwú. Onye ndụmọdụ mbụ Salieri bụ nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ Francesco, onye natara nkuzi egwu site na Giuseppe Tartini. Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ mụtara ịkụ violin na akụkụ ahụ́.
Na 1763, Antonio bụ nwa mgbei. Nwatakịrị ahụ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu banyere ọnwụ nne na nna ya. Ezigbo ndị enyi nna ya, ezinụlọ Mocenigo sitere na Venice, weere nlekọta nke nwa nwoke ahụ. Ezinụlọ e kuchiri ekuchi biri n'ụba, n'ihi ya, ha nwere ike ime ka Antonio nwee ndụ dị mma. Ezinụlọ Mocenigo nyere aka na nkuzi egwu Salieri.
Na 1766, onye na-ede ụlọikpe nke Joseph II, Florian Leopold Gassman, dọọrọ uche gaa na onye na-egwu egwu na-eto eto. Ọ gara na Venice na mberede wee kpebie ịkpọrọ onye ntorobịa ahụ nwere nkà na Vienna.
E kenyere ya ọrụ onye na-egwu egwu n'ime mgbidi ụlọ opera ụlọ ikpe. Gassman etinyeghị aka na nkuzi egwu nke ngalaba ya, mana o tinyekwara aka na mmepe ya zuru oke. Ndị nwere ohere izute Salieri kwuru na o nyere echiche nke onye nwere ọgụgụ isi nke ukwuu.
Gassman webatara Antonio n'ime okirikiri ndị ama ama. O mere ka ọ mara onye na-ede uri a ma ama bụ Pietro Metastasio na Gluck. Ndị enyi ọhụrụ mere ka ọmụma Salieri mikwuo emi, ekele maka nke o ruru ogo ụfọdụ n'ịrụ ọrụ egwu.
Mgbe Gassmann nwụsịrị na-atụghị anya ya, nwa akwụkwọ ya weere ọnọdụ nke onye na-ede egwú na onye nduzi nke Italian Opera. Naanị otu afọ ka e mesịrị, a họpụtara ya onye nduzi ụlọ ikpe. N'oge ahụ, a na-ewere ọnọdụ a dị ka onye kasị ewu ewu na nke a na-akwụ ụgwọ nke ukwuu n'etiti ndị okike. Na Europe, a na-ekwu Salieri dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-egwu egwu na ndị nduzi.
Ụzọ okike nke onye na-ede egwú Antonio Salieri
N'oge na-adịghị anya, maestro gosipụtara ndị na-akwado ọrụ ya na opera mara mma "Ụmụ nwanyị gụrụ akwụkwọ." E wepụtara ya na Vienna na 1770. Ndị mmadụ nabatara ihe okike ahụ nke ọma. Ọkwa Salieri dara. Nnabata ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ kpaliri onye dere ya ide operas: "Armida", "Venice Fair", "The Stolen Tub", "The Innkeeper".
"Armida" bụ opera mbụ nke Antonio jisiri ike mejuputa echiche bụ isi nke Christoph Gluck's opera reform. Ọ hụrụ Salieri dị ka onye nọchiri anya ya ma nwee olileanya dị ukwuu maka ya.
N'oge na-adịghị, maestro nwetara iwu ka ịmepụta ihe egwu egwu maka mmeghe nke ụlọ ihe nkiri La Scala. Onye na-ede egwú na-akwado arịrịọ ahụ, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya, o gosipụtara opera "Europe a ghọtara". N'afọ sochirinụ, bụ́ nke ụlọ ihe nkiri Venetia nyere ya ọrụ pụrụ iche, onye na-ede egwú gosipụtara otu n'ime ọrụ ya kasị maa mma. Anyị na-ekwu maka opera-buffa "School of Ekworo".
Na 1776 ọ bịara mara na Joseph mechiri Italian Opera. Ọ na-akwadokwa opera German (Singspiel). Emeghachiri opera Italian naanị mgbe afọ 6 gachara.
Maka Salieri, afọ ndị a bụ mmekpa ahụ. Maestro ga-ahapụ "mpaghara nkasi obi" ya. Ma enwere uru na nke a - ọrụ okike nke onye na-ede egwú gafere ókèala Vienna. O nyere aka dị ukwuu na mmepe nke ụdị singspiel. N'ime oge a, Antonio dere otu egwu a ma ama "The Chimney Sweep".
Singspiel bụ ụdị egwu na egwu dị egwu juru ebe niile na Germany na Austria na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ 18 na mmalite narị afọ nke 19.
N'ime oge a, ọha omenala nwere mmasị na ihe ndị Gluck mere. O kwenyere na Salieri bụ onye nketa kwesịrị ekwesị. Gluck kwadoro Antonio ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta nke ụlọ opera La Scala. Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, o nyefere Salieri ọrụ sitere na French Royal Academy of Music maka opera "Danaides". Na mbụ, Gluck kwesịrị ide opera, mana n'ihi ahụike ọ nweghị ike ime ya. N'afọ 1784, Antonio nyere ndị France ọrụ ahụ, ghọọ ọkacha mmasị Marie Antoinette.
ụdị egwu
Ndị Danaids abụghị ihe nṅomi nke Gluck. Salieri jisiri ike mepụta ụdị egwu nke ya, nke dabere na ọdịiche. N'oge ahụ, ọha mmadụ amaghị ihe egwu oge gboo nwere ihe ndị dị otú ahụ.
N'ime opera ewepụtara na n'ọrụ ndị na-esonụ nke Antonio Salieri, ndị nkatọ nka kwuru n'echiche symphonic doro anya. O kere otu dum ọ bụghị site na ọtụtụ iberibe, kama site na mmepe okike nke ihe.
Na 1786, n'isi obodo France, maestro malitere ịkparịta ụka na Beaumarchais. Ya na Salieri kerịta ihe ọmụma na nka nka ya. Ihe si na ọbụbụenyi a pụta bụ opera ọzọ mara mma nke Salieri. Anyị na-ekwu maka ọrụ egwu a ma ama "Tarar". E gosipụtara opera ahụ na Royal Academy of Music na 1787. Mmepụta ahụ kpalitere ọgba aghara. Antonio nọ n'isi nke ewu ewu ya.
N'afọ 1788, Emperor Joseph zigara onye na-agụ egwú Giuseppe Bonno ka ọ gaa ezumike nká kwesịrị ekwesị. Antonio Salieri bịara n'ọkwa ya. Josef bụ onye na-akwado ọrụ onye na-ede egwú, n'ihi ya, a tụrụ anya nhọpụta ya n'ọkwá ahụ.
Mgbe Josef nwụrụ, Leopold nke Abụọ weere ọnọdụ ya ma debe ndị gbara ya gburugburu n'ogologo aka. Leopold atụkwasịghị onye ọ bụla obi ma kwenye na ndị adịgboroja gbara ya gburugburu. Nke a nwere mmetụta ọjọọ n'ọrụ Salieri. E kweghị ka ndị na-akụ egwú bịa nso eze ukwu ọhụrụ ahụ. N'oge na-adịghị Leopold chụrụ onye nduzi nke Ụlọ ihe nkiri Ụlọ ihe nkiri, Count Rosenberg-Orsini. Salieri tụrụ anya na otu ihe ahụ ga-eme ya. Emperor tọhapụrụ Antonio naanị n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye nduzi nke Italian Opera.
Mgbe Leopold nwụsịrị, onye nketa ya, Franz, were ocheeze ahụ. O nwechaghị mmasị n'egwú. Ma, ọ ka chọrọ ọrụ Antonio. Salieri rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye nhazi mmemme na emume ụlọikpe.
Afọ ikpeazụ nke creativity nke Maestro Antonio Salieri
Antonio tinyere onwe ya n'ichepụta ihe n'oge ntorobịa ya. N'afọ 1804, o gosipụtara ọrụ egwu "Negroes", nke natara nyocha na-adịghị mma site n'aka ndị nkatọ. Ọhaneze meghachikwara nke ọma n'ụdị Singspiel. Ugbu a, ọ na-etinyekwu aka n'ihe omume ọha na eze na nke nkuzi.
Site na 1777 ruo 1819 Salieri bụ onye nduzi na-adịgide adịgide. Na 1788 ọ ghọrọ onyeisi nke Vienna Musical Society. Ebumnuche bụ isi nke ọha mmadụ bụ ịmere ihe nkiri ọrụ ebere maka ndị inyom di ha nwụrụ na ụmụ mgbei nke ndị egwu Viennese. Ihe nkiri ndị a jupụtara n'obiọma na ebere. Ndị na-egwu egwu a ma ama mere ndị na-ege ntị ụtọ na arụmọrụ nke ihe egwu ọhụrụ. Na mgbakwunye, a na-arụkarị ọrụ na-adịghị anwụ anwụ nke ndị bu Salieri n'ọrụ ọrụ ebere.
Antonio tinyere aka na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndị a na-akpọ "agụmakwụkwọ". A raara ihe ngosi dị otú ahụ nye otu onye egwu egwu. Antonio so na "ụlọ akwụkwọ" dị ka onye nhazi na onye nduzi.
Kemgbe 1813, maestro bụ akụkụ nke kọmitii maka nhazi nke Vienna Conservatory. Afọ anọ ka e mesịrị, ọ bụ onyeisi ọgbakọ a nọchiri anya ya.
Afọ ikpeazụ nke ndụ onye dere ya jupụtara na ahụmahụ na nhụjuanya nke uche. Nke bụ́ eziokwu bụ na e boro ya ebubo igbu Mozart. Ọ gọnahụrụ ikpe ọmụma ya ma kwuo na ọ dịghị ihe jikọrọ ya na ọnwụ nke onye na-ede egwú a ma ama. Salieri gwara nwa akwụkwọ ya bụ Ignaz Moscheles ka o gosi ụwa niile na ọ bụghị ikpe mara.
Ọnọdụ Antonio kara njọ mgbe ọ nwara igbu onwe ya. E bugara ya ụlọ ọgwụ. Ha kwuru na na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike, na delirium, o kwupụtara na igbu ọchụ nke Mozart. Asịrị a abụghị akụkọ ifo; edekọtara ya na akwụkwọ mkparita ụka Beethoven maka 1823-1824.
Taa ndị ọkachamara na-enwe obi abụọ na nkwupụta Salieri na ntụkwasị obi nke ozi ahụ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ewepụtala nsụgharị na ọnọdụ uche Antonio abụghị nke kacha mma. O yikarịrị, nke a abụghị nkwupụta, kama ebubo onwe onye megide ndabere nke ahụike uche na-akawanye njọ.
Nkọwa nke ndụ onwe onye nke maestro
Ndụ onwe onye maestro gara nke ọma. Ya na Theresia von Helferstorfer kekọtara eriri. Di na nwunye ahụ lụrụ na 1775. Nwanyị a mụrụ ụmụ 8.
Maka Salieri, nwunye ya ghọrọ ọ bụghị naanị nwanyị ọ hụrụ n'anya, kamakwa ezigbo enyi ya na ihe ngosi nka. Ọ kpọrọ Theresia chi. Antonio nwere ụmụ ya na nwunye ya anọ. Ọnwụ nke onwe ya metụtara ọnọdụ mmetụta uche ya.
Eziokwu na-akpali mmasị banyere Antonio Salieri
- Ọ hụrụ sweets na achịcha n'anya. Antonio nọgidere na-akpachi anya nwata ruo ọgwụgwụ nke ụbọchị ya. Ikekwe ọ bụ ya mere na ọ dịghị onye nwere ike ikweta na ya nwere ikike igbu ọchụ.
- Site na ịrụsi ọrụ ike na ihe omume kwa ụbọchị, maestro na-arụpụta ihe.
- Ha kwuru na Salieri anaghị enwe anyaụfụ. O nyeere ndị na-eto eto na ndị nwere nkà aka imeziwanye ihe ọmụma ha ma nweta ọnọdụ dị mma.
- O tinyere oge dị ukwuu maka ọrụ ebere.
- Mgbe Pushkin dere ọrụ "Mozart na Salieri," ụwa malitere ebubo Antonio maka igbu ọchụ na ọbụna obi ike ka ukwuu.
Ọnwụ onye na-ede egwú
Maestro a ma ama nwụrụ na Mee 7, 1825. Emere olili ozu ahụ na Mee 10 n'ebe a na-eli ozu Katọlik Matzleindorf dị na Vienna. N’afọ 1874, e liri ozu onye dere ya n’ebe a na-eli ozu Vienna Central.
